From the Article Blooze Found (Emphases Added)
Price administered a daily meal of nutrient-dense whole foods supplemented with high-vitamin cod liver oil and high-Activator X butter oil to the children of impoverished mill workers who suffered from rampant tooth decay. The treatment not only resolved the tooth decay without the need for oral surgery, but resolved chronic fatigue in one boy and by the report of their school teachers produced a marked increase in learning capacity in two others.
Of course, we don't know that this chronic fatigue was the same as ME/CFS. But interesting nonetheless.
The K vitamins perform all of their well understood roles in the part of the cell responsible for the modification of proteins. Only a portion of the vitamin K within a cell exists in this area, however. Even more exists in the inner membrane of the mitochondria where the cell produces its energy. The greatest concentration exists in the nucleus, which possesses a receptor for vitamin K that may be involved in regulating the expression of genes. Vitamin K2 has a greater affinity than vitamin K1 for both the mitochondrial membrane and the nuclear receptor. We presently know virtually nothing about these functions.
Further supporting the idea that those of us with a mitochondrial encephalopathy will need way more vitamin k.
MK-9, and presumably MK-7, stays in the blood for a longer period of time than does MK-4, but this appears to be because tissues take up MK-4 much more rapidly.
First off, lets highlight that he is only presuming that MK-7 is treated like MK-9. He also presumed to know the function of osteocalcin in this article and then backtracked a few years later. But
@fibrodude84, I believe that Asklipia's success was taking MK-4, not MK-7 (which didn't work for her), so perhaps there is a difference. And (I know this is a bit late) I believe the dosages she used herself--that are not a specific recommendation for anyone to do the same--were gradually working up to 15 mg, and then after some months moving up to 45 mg. Also, she mentioned something about therapies being
45 mg per day for a 45 kg person. Again, this is not medical advice of any kind! As you probably noticed, some people have had bad reactions. So proceed with caution.
How One *Might* Remedy Adverse Reactions to High Dose MK-4
For good measure, and because I am about to start taking larger doses of vitamin K and would like to be prepared for adverse reactions:
@yukito reported pain in chest and fingers, fatigue, sadness, and (unspecified in my notes) eye and heart problems associated with beginning high doses of MK-4. He overcame this by making sure to take some combination of:
- Methylfolate (I would add that B2 might actually be what got depleted--it is necessary to...recharge both methylfolate and vitamin k, so B2 might work instead);
- Calcium (150 mg per day); magnesium; and vitamin D: Magnesium is necessary to activate vitamin D, vitamin d increases absorption of calcium, so all of these raise calcium, which the vitamin k activated proteins would presumably need. Perhaps the pain and heart issues came from an electrolyte imbalance. More speculatively, perhaps the pain in bones (that @BrushedBrass reported reading about here) came from some extraordinary measures that the body took to break down bones in order provide enough calcium for all the vitamin k-dependent proteins that are suddenly sucking it up. Of course, too much vitamin d or calcium would probably not be pleasant either--they give me migraines!
- Retinol (Vitamin A); I imagine this would help because it would slow many of the (non-antioxidant) functions of vitamin K, lowering the body's sudden need for calcium.
- B12, carnitine, manganese, and possibly potassium. These I don't have any ideas as to how they would help. Anyone else?
Feel free to add or correct anything I left out, Yukito! (And to fill us in on any doses you remember)
Question for @Asklipia
I have in my notes that you warn not to take vitamin k with glutamate containing things (like gelatin) because it will inactivate vitamin k. Would you be willing to share where you get this? From my reading of this bit of the appendix of Masterjohn's paper, it seems like glutamate plays an important role in allowing vitamin k to do its job and it might be more accurate to say that vitamin k uses up glutamate.
Figure 3. Vitamin K-Dependent Carboxylation
a.) A carbon dioxide molecule
b.) a carboxyl group
c.) Vitamin K-dependent carboxylation
The vitamin K-dependent carboxylase rearranges the chemical bonds within carbon dioxide molecules. Carboxyl groups contain carbon and oxygen atoms and carry a charge of negative one. Calcium carries a charge of positive two. The side chains of the amino acid glutamate normally carry one carboxyl group; the vitamin K-dependent addition of a second carboxyl group gives these side chains a charge of negative two and thus allows them to bind to calcium, which has the equal and opposite charge. This process transforms glutamate into γ-carboxyglutamate, abbreviated Gla.
I can certainly see that if the immediate thing that vitamin k did for one was to reduce glutamate excitotoxicity, then taking something with glutamate alongside vitamin k would in that sense be counterproductive. But would you agree that glutamate does not "inactivate" vitamin k, or is there something I am missing or misunderstanding entirely?
[EDIT: Just in case the above makes it seem like I am suggesting we ingest a bit more glutamate: It seems reasonable to assume that in cases of vitamin k deficiency, glutamate would not be the limiting factor in vitamin-k dependent glutamate carboxylation. This means that adding glutamate would not increase the actions of vitamin k noticeably. At best, taking more glutamate to increase vitamin-k dependent carboxylation would do nothing, and at worse I can see it causing excitotoxicity symptoms.]
All of the above assertions by Chris Masterjohn (all of the indented quotes) cited publications. If you would like to see the details, please check out Blooze's link to Masterjohn's excellent article. Finally, I have said it before but it bears repeating: I do not have a medical degree of any kind and I am not offering any kind of medical advice.
I took my first 4 mg of just MK-4 tonight. If all goes well, I will up my dose soonish. Wish me luck!