Konflict
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According to the test, your copper is low. Copper is extremely important for connective tissue health. It is necessary for collagen synthesis.Here's a hair minerals test I did......anything that can be of relevance in relation to my symptoms? Possible hidden copper toxicity?
Here's a hair minerals test I did......anything that can be of relevance in relation to my symptoms? Possible hidden copper toxicity?
Here's a hair minerals test I did......anything that can be of relevance in relation to my symptoms? Possible hidden copper toxicity?
The high cobalt may be a result of my body not being able to use the b12, as I've also been tested for high b12 before. I have been told I meet the "counting rules" for Mercury toxicity, but I don't have dental amalgams or eat much seafood, so idk. Maybe when I overmethylated on methyl Bs I released a bunch of toxins into my blood ....idk. Copper is directly associated with collagen synthesis, and on a hair test high zinc means it's low in the blood, which could result in "hidden copper toxicity"...but idk what to believe and reals or false. I just know the human body shouldn't develop severe osteoarthritis in the matter of months. My middle spine is severely bad.
As a supplement, lysine might have side-effectshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3499978/
Essays Biochem. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2012 Nov 16.
Published in final edited form as:
Essays Biochem. 2012; 52: 113–133.
doi: 10.1042/bse0520113
PMCID: PMC3499978
NIHMSID: NIHMS417297
Lysine post-translational modifications of collagen
Mitsuo Yamauchi1 and Marnisa Sricholpech
NC Oral Health Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, U.S.A.
1To whom correspondence should be addressed (ude.cnu.yrtsitned@mhcuamay).
Author information ▼ Copyright and License information ►
The publisher's final edited version of this article is available at Essays Biochem
See other articles in PMC that cite the published article.
Abstract
Type I collagen is the most abundant structural protein in vertebrates. It is a heterotrimeric molecule composed of two α1 chains and one α2 chain, forming a long uninterrupted triple helical structure with short non-triple helical telopeptides at both the N- and C-termini. During biosynthesis, collagen acquires a number of post-translational modifications, including lysine modifications, that are critical to the structure and biological functions of this protein. Lysine modifications of collagen are highly complicated sequential processes catalysed by several groups of enzymes leading to the final step of biosynthesis, covalent intermolecular cross-linking. In the cell, specific lysine residues are hydroxylated to form hydroxylysine. Then specific hydroxylysine residues located in the helical domain of the molecule are glycosylated by the addition of galactose or glucose-galactose. Outside the cell, lysine and hydroxylysine residues in the N- and C-telopeptides can be oxidatively deaminated to produce reactive aldehydes that undergo a series of non-enzymatic condensation reactions to form covalent intra- and inter-molecular cross-links. Owing to the recent advances in molecular and cellular biology, and analytical technologies, the biological significance and molecular mechanisms of these modifications have been gradually elucidated. This chapter provides an overview on these enzymatic lysine modifications and subsequent cross-linking.
LYSINE SIDE EFFECTS & SAFETY
Lysine is POSSIBLY SAFE for most people when taken by mouth at recommended doses for up to one year, or when applied to the skin short-term. It can cause side effects such as stomach pain and diarrhea.
Special Precautions & Warnings:
Pregnancy and breast-feeding: There is not enough reliable information about the safety of taking lysine if you are pregnant or breast feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.
Kidney disease: There is one report of kidney disease linked with taking lysine supplements. If you have a kidney disease, check with your healthcare provider before taking lysine.
Osteoporosis: Using Lysine with calcium supplements might increase calcium absorption.
Intolerance to lysinuric protein: Lysine supplementation might cause diarrhea and stomach cramps in children who are intolerant to lysinuric protein.
Many people taking B vitamins report flu-like symptoms:How safe is it?
Contraindications
Lysine supplementation should not be used in patients with too much lysine in the blood or urine. Patients with liver and kidney impairment should avoid supplementation with lysine. If use is warranted, patients should consult a health care provider.
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Interactions
Use of calcium supplements with lysine may be associated with increased absorption and reduced elimination of calcium. Aminoglycoside toxicity may be enhanced in patients taking lysine supplementation.
Side Effects
GI adverse reactions, such as diarrhea, nausea, and abdominal pain, have been reported with lysine ingestion. A case report described the development of the kidney disorders Fanconi syndrome and tubulointerstitial nephritis associated with lysine supplementation taken over a 5-year period.
Toxicities
High oral doses of lysine are likely to be safe. Doses of 100 mg/kg given to 2 patients with Parkinson disease were not associated with adverse effects.
L-lysine levels
Just like with anything that we introduce to our body via artificial ways, we can have too much or too little of the L-lysine amino acid.
If you have a very low level of L-lysine, you will feel somewhat like you were having the flu. This means that the symptoms will be nausea, vomiting, feeling tired all the time and dizzy for no apparent reason. In the same way, a dangerously low level of L-lysine may manifest itself through the inability of getting pregnant, if you are a woman. Whatever the case may be, if you experience any of these symptoms, you need to check with your doctor before starting an L-lysine treatment.
L-lysine can be taken in excess as well. This happens when you take too much of it, usually via supplements or other drugs and your body doesn’t have the ability or time to process it all. It manifests itself through nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and cramps in the abdominal region. The worst side effect of overdosing on L-lysine is developing gallstones, which you will then have to see a doctor about, in order to pass them. This is one of the top reasons why this amino acid should be introduced to the body through natural ways such as food, rather than through pills.
As far as dosage goes, it depends on the reason why you are taking it. However, on average, for a healthy adult, a normal dose is 12 mg/kg/day. This means that a 150 pound adult, the dose will be 800 mg daily. The dosage will be dramatically increased if you are taking it to cure a problem such as herpes, for example. In this case, it might go up to 2000 or even 3000 mg daily. L-lysine 1000 mg benefits, as an average, are usually the best way to go.
The most important thing to remember is to always consult your physician before starting an L-lysine treatment and to understand that it will not cure your diseases, but rather ease them greatly, as well as the fact that it will aid your general well-being to a great extent. Also, the benefits of taking lysine are many, but it’s important to do some research before taking it.