http://cen.acs.org/articles/93/i38/Harnessing-Hordes-Microbiome.html
Balskus has focused on elucidating the process by which choline, a nutrient found in eggs and meat, is metabolized by bacteria. She got interested in choline metabolism after the Cleveland Clinic’s Stanley Hazen linked trimethylamine-
N-oxide (TMAO), which is generated when gut microbes metabolize choline, to heart disease.
Intrigued that heart disease could be driven by our microbiota as well as our genetics, Balskus
set out to determine which gut bacterial enzymes were mediating the choline fermentation. Her group discovered that choline TMA-lyase, a new member of the glycyl radical enzyme family, cleaves a C–N bond in choline to produce the TMAO precursor trimethylamine (TMA) (shown).
Her lab continues to explore how choline TMA-lysase works and what members of the gut microbiota actively use it. Balskus also has started to develop small molecules that modulate choline degradation and block TMA production, but she stresses that the work is preliminary.