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Early detection of peripheral neuropathy using stimulated skin wrinkling test in HIVinfected patients: A cross-sectional study.
Mawuntu AHP1,
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy is a common condition of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, which often remains undetected.
We assessed the performance of stimulated skin wrinkling-eutectic mixture of local anesthetic (SSW-EMLA) test compared with brief peripheral neuropathy screening (BPNS) to detect HIV neuropathy.
This is a cross-sectional study conducted in HIV-positive patients.
A modified skin wrinkling grading was used to assess SSW-EMLA effect.
BPNS-detectable neuropathy was assessed by a combination of neuropathy severity scoring scale (subjective) and objective method of sensory and tendon reflex examination. The SSW-EMLA test accuracy with reference to BPNS was assessed using sensitivity and specificity and predictive values.In a total of 99 HIV patients, 61.6% were males and the majority age group were between 30 and 40 years (52%).
The neuropathy detection was SSW-EMLA test 36.4% versus BPNS 15.2% (P = .04).
The sensitivity of SSW-EMLA test was 60.0% [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 34.5-81.7], specificity 67% (95% CI 63.3-3-71.7), and overall accuracy of 66.7% (95% CI 58.9-73.2).
The SSW-EMLA test detected many more peripheral neuropathy cases than BPNS in HIV patients and has potential as an alternative test for screening for HIV neuropathy in resource-constraint hospitals in Indonesia.