"Perturbation of effector and regulatory T cell subsets in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) "
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2019.12.23.887505v1.full.pdf
Abstract17 18 Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a debilitating disorder of 19 unknown etiology, and diagnosis of the disease is largely based on clinical symptoms. We 20 hypothesized that immunological disruption is the major driver of this disease and analyzed a 21 large cohort of ME/CFS patient or control blood samples for differences in T cell subset 22 frequencies and functions. We found that the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ T cells and the proportion 23 of CD8+ effector memory T cells were increased, whereas NK cells were reduced in ME/CFS 24 patients younger than 50 years old compared to a healthy control group. Remarkably, major 25 differences were observed in Th1, Th2, Th17 and mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) T cell 26 subset functions across all ages of patients compared to healthy subjects. While CCR6+ Th17 27 cells in ME/CFS secreted less IL-17 compared to controls, their overall frequency was higher. 28 Similarly, MAIT cells from patients secreted lower IFNγ, GranzymeA and IL-17 upon 29 activation. Together, these findings suggest chronic stimulation of these T cell populations in 30 ME/CFS patients. In contrast, the frequency of regulatory T cells (Tregs), which control 31 excessive immune activation, was higher in ME/CFS patients. Finally, using a machine learning 32 algorithm called random forest, we determined that the set of T cell parameters analyzed could 33 identify more than 90% of the subjects in the ME/CFS cohort as patients (93% true positive rate 34 or sensitivity). In conclusion, these multiple and major perturbations or dysfunctions in T cell 35 subsets in ME/CFS patients suggest potential chronic infections or microbiome dysbiosis. These 36 findings also have implications for development of ME/CFS specific immune biomarkers and 37 reveal potential targets for novel therapeutic interventions. 38 author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the.
https://doi.org/10.1101/2019.12.23.887505doi: bioRxiv preprint