Prefacing everything I mention below as "specifically, in our disease model", "this is not medical advice", "YMMV", etc -
"For a moment, hypothetically forget everything you know about the immune response, or that we've heard the words 'triterpenes' or 'reishi'."
(I think I gave @Hoosierfans a mild heart-attack earlier, as I ineloquently gave her a preview of this post content and my casual phrasing may have given her the impression I was abandoning my research. lol.. Not a chance!)
Lets carefully look at the disease model again and at the ROOT CAUSE of the cascade.
Per paper 3: All non-autoimmunity issues (AKA lytic phase) are created by the ratio of activity between
GDH and
a-KGDH.
The carbohydrate intake profile therefore becomes a sensitive lever (or driving force) for creating ongoing or additional ROS and PEM, primarily because the concomitant hyper-secretion of insulin (caused by high
GDH) is forcing energy into the mitochondrial reactions (think about kids getting "high" on sugar).
1)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3178282/
2)
https://diabetes.diabetesjournals.org/content/51/3/712
3)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136010/
Simultaneously, due to high
GDH:
If the mitochondria have been getting force-fed mostly from "anaplerosis" via
a. glutaminolysis (->),
b. glutamate->a-KG (with high NAD+),
or
c. (once ROS becomes so high that the mitochondria "fragments", being very low /
depleted a-KGDH), transamination at akg->glutamate + aspartate->oxaloacetate
d. excess urea->fumarate
e. excess B12+P5P->succinate (human intervention)
then there is already "sufficient" (or excess, rather) energy inside the mitochondrial reactions.