the mRNA type of vaccines has been under development and study for maybe a decade- and lots of public funding of that work, as I understand it.
A specific virus showed up. They worked fast, had the genetics mapped in a few weeks...
employees quit going home at Pfizer... It seems this vaccine can stop it.
what exactly should be stopped in us?
you'd think if we could kill flat out eppstein barr in our bodies, some of us would recover, but we don't even really know that. Yet.
Actually more than a decade, i had looked into it and research was happening since the early 90s iirc.
A vaccine has one active ingredient which is what is really being tested in clinical trials. Whether its mRNA or a dead virus or a viral vector. Its meant to give the immune system a blueprint to make antibodies for, which is much simpler then most drugs mechanism of action.
Non vaccine drugs on the other hand have a very different mechanism of action, they affect a receptor or cause some other biochemical change in the body. Often there are side effects that are completely unexpected if the behaviour of the target is not well understood. In vitro testing to animal testing to different species testing to ethical approvals to human clinical trials to multiple trials to participants that are not perfect population (healthy except for the one condition its testing tested for) and data analysis takes a great deal of time. And in many cases imperfect trial participants are never tested at all, people with multiple conditions, women who are pregnant and so forth.
As i recall there was a trial of a drug that caused deaths in humans a few years back (a bit before covid), it had passed all other trials but it was fatal to humans. Nobody had any idea because animals are not perfect analogues for humans. I forget which drug it was, if anyone remembers please post a link, i think it was done in Europe, the deaths of trial volunteers was completely unexpected, there was a (expected) public backlash.