Bupleurum

[Violeta]

PGE2 levels elevated in a subset of ME/CFS & Long Covid patients​

https://amaticahealth.com/blog/pge2...2wWmOV6MHXCVkO1ZvI9EAML_mWjo8RI3XxO8gCFna2JhH

Preliminary PGE2 results show that a subset of ME/CFS and Long COVID patients have elevated PGE2 levels compared to controls - 29.4% of patients have serum concentrations higher than any observed in the control group. A smaller subset of 8.8% had serum levels lower than any control sample.

Overall, Bupleurum's effects on PGE2 are complex and may involve both inhibitory and stimulatory actions depending on the specific compounds present, the cellular environment, and the presence of other inflammatory mediators.

[Bioactivity assay of bupleurum injection for inhibiting PGE2 release in vitro]

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24558884/

 

[Violeta]

HIF1a elevation correlates with mitochondrial, fibrotic, and immunosuppressive proteins in a subset of ME/CFS & Long Covid patients​

https://amaticahealth.com/blog/hif1...13m0J-Lkl9O948asuZKC7LkHyoi2yvzh6UcRiTyQ-CNfj

This study has a long list of herbs that alleviate HIF1a elevation. Bupleurum is in the list

HIF-1α is a Potential Molecular Target for Herbal Medicine to Treat Diseases​

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7680173/

 

[Violeta]

Neuroprotective Effects of Medicinal Plants in Cerebral Hypoxia and Anoxia: A Systematic Reviewl

https://www.researchgate.net/profil...al-Hypoxia-and-Anoxia-A-Systematic-Review.pdf

The aim of this review was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of medicinal plants in cerebral hypoxia and anoxia.

The most important mechanisms are the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS),production of NO, inhibition of both HIF1α and TNf-a, and reduction of extracellular glutamate, N-Methyl-D-aspartic and intracellular Ca (2+). Inaddition, they have an antioxidant activity and can adjust the expression of genes related to oxidantgeneration or antioxidant capacity.

This study presents a list of 93 medicinal plants that protect the brain from hypoxia and anoxia.