I did some reading into this, and to cut a long story short, I think herbal COX-2 inhibitors are not going to be as good as pharmaceutical COX-2 inhibitors like celecoxib, in terms of an antiviral effect.
This is because celecoxib inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 (although it inhibits COX-2 more),
† and
this study suggests the antiviral action is
much greater when you inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2 at the same time.
Basically that study found that inhibition of either COX-1 or COX-2 alone caused a moderate reduction of pseudorabies virus growth (25-fold to 30-fold), but when both COX-1 and COX-2 were inhibited simultaneously, either with a nonspecific COX inhibitor or with a combination of specific COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitors,
pseudorabies virus yields were dramatically reduced (greater than a 200,000-fold reduction). Note that the pseudorabies virus which the researchers studied is similar to herpes simplex.
However, in terms of side effects,
this study found a higher risk of gastric damage arises when you use both COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition at the same time, as you do when you take celecoxib.
A potent COX-2 inhibitor supplement appears to be propolis;
† this is a powerful COX-2 inhibitor, but has very little COX-1 activity. It's the caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) found in propolis that provides most (90%) of the COX-2 inhibition of propolis.
Now the study suggests this will make propolis much safer than celecoxib, in terms of risks of gastric damage. However, from the above study, the antiviral effects appear to be much less when you inhibit just COX-2 like propolis does.
So in summary: unfortunately it seems when you inhibit just COX-2 (with supplements) it is much safer, but also
much weaker in terms of antiviral effects.
One solution might be taking celecoxib transdermally:
I read
one study that indicates transdermal administration of celecoxib is viable. This should prevent the stomach side effects.
I did a transdermal experiment with celecoxib myself: I took the powder out from two 100 mg capsules of celecoxib, and placed this powder on the skin on the top of my thighs while I was sitting down, and then added a few drops of water on the skin, and rubbed the powder in. The powder immediately dissolved in the water, and seemed to absorb well into the skin.
Taking celecoxib transdermally this way may help avoid the risk of damage it can cause in the gut.
Agents that protect against NSAID-induced gastric damage:
The following supplements and drugs, taken at the same time as oral celecoxib, may be preventative against gastric damage:
Vitamin C protects against aspirin-induced gastric damage.
† †
Grape seed extract protects against aspirin-induced gastric damage just as well as vitamin C does (but GSE has a long half life, so it may give you all day protection).
†
Proton pump inhibitors reduce the gastric side effects of NSAIDs, and can even repair any gastric damage caused by NSAIDs.
† However, proton pump inhibitors reduce stomach acid secretion, and this might negatively affect digestion.