Vit A: Immune system links

Snez

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Tasmania, Australia
Vitamin A: the key to a tolerant immune system?

The following article by Michael Ash outlines the importance of Vit A on the gut and, consequently, the immune system. The availability of this vitamin is important, it cannot be made by the human body and is absorbed in the intestine.

These quotes are of particular interest-

"When you are deficient in vitamin A, you veer towards a type of effector T cell called TH17 and its production of IL-17inflammation pro-inflammatory cytokine, with propensity to causing autoimmune disease."

"Our diets have changed dramatically over time, and to try to compensate for what weve lost in fresh, farm grown produce and pastured dairy and meat, weve fortified our foods. But if people dont tolerate fortified milk, wheat and cerealswhich are common allergensand if they dont eat organ meats and are poor converters of carotene, they may well be deficient in vitamin A.[14] The more deficient in retinoic acid they are, the greater their risk of loss of immunological tolerance."

"....the conversion of carotenoids to vitamin A is not as efficient or perfect as weve been led to believe. They can be difficult to convert, and a recent study from Newcastle University in England found that as many as 50% of women studied were unable to efficiently convert carotenoids into vitamin Aand thus may be retinoic acid deficient."

For the full article-

http://www.nleducation.co.uk/resources/reviews/vitamin-a-the-key-to-a-tolerant-immune-system/
 

Marco

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Also from the same paper :

"Vitamin A is also of fundamental importance for energy homeostasis. New research finds that retinol is essential for the metabolic fitness of mitochondria. When cells are deprived of retinol, respiration and ATP synthesis fall. They recover energy output as soon as retinol is restored to physiological concentration."

and the shift to a TH17 profile :

"Vitamin A is the key to the gut making the right decisions. When you are deficient in vitamin A, you veer towards a type of effector T cell called TH17 and its production of IL-17inflammation pro-inflammatory cytokine, with propensity to causing autoimmune disease."


Also implications for dysregulation of the HPA axis :

Effect of Vitamin A Depletion on Stress-Induced
Change in Urinary Output of Catecholamines


"These results suggest that vitamin A depletion causes derangement
of the neurosympathetic system; hence, the animals cannot appropriately respond to
the stress. Alternatively, the state of vitamin A depletion may be in fact a stress, and
in consequence the animals have already been in a state of maximal response before
immobilization. J. Nutr. 112: 2205-2211, 1982."

http://jn.nutrition.org/content/112/12/2205.full.pdf
 
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