Summary of the Study:
A
twin study led by Dr. Anna Peters at Ludwig Maximilian University identified two
gut bacteria—
Eisenbergiella tayi and
Lachnoclostridium—as
potential environmental triggers for multiple sclerosis (MS). The research involved
81 pairs of identical twins, only one of whom had MS. Analysis of gut samples, especially from the
ileum, revealed that these two bacterial species were significantly more prevalent in MS-affected individuals.
Key findings:
- In germ-free mice, transplanting gut bacteria from the MS twin induced paralysis and spinal lesions, whereas bacteria from the healthy twin did not.
- The bacteria bloom occurred particularly in female mice, mirroring the higher incidence of MS in women.
- Both species belong to the Lachnospiraceae family, which typically helps digest fiber but can turn harmful under certain conditions.
- E. tayi produces ethanol and succinate, which activate Th17 cells, known to damage the nervous system.
- These microbes may thrive on mucus sugars, thinning the gut barrier and exposing the immune system to harmful triggers.
- The study underscores the potential for targeted treatments, like narrow-spectrum antibiotics, bacteriophages, or dietary fiber interventions.
Relevance for People With ME/CFS:
This MS research highlights how
specific gut microbes can influence immune function, a concept increasingly explored in ME/CFS. Similarities include:
- Gut microbiome imbalances and leaky gut, seen in both conditions.
- Activation of pro-inflammatory Th17 cells, potentially contributing to symptoms.
- Shared female predominance and interest in microbial-targeted therapies.
While the exact bacteria studied aren't yet linked to ME/CFS, the mechanisms may still apply and offer directions for future research.
Conclusion:
While the MS study does not directly address ME/CFS, it adds to the growing case that gut microbes can trigger or modulate complex immune disorders. It suggests a productive path for ME/CFS research: focusing on specific bacterial species, their metabolites, and how they shape immune responses—particularly in the ileum and in sex-specific ways.