Inhibition of inflammatory injure by polysaccharides from Bupleurum chinense through antagonizing P-selectin

[Violeta]

In Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), selectins play a role in the interaction between leukocytes and endothelial cells, contributing to the inflammatory process within the artery walls. Specifically, P-selectin is involved in platelet activation and is associated with disease activity in GCA. Additionally, E-selectin, an inducible endothelial adhesion molecule, is expressed more strongly during inflammation and its expression correlates with the systemic inflammatory response.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0144861714000411

• BCPs, the polysaccharides from Bupleurum chinense, impact P-selectin-mediated neutrophil adhesion.
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• •BCPs-treatment eliminated the interaction between P-selectin and its physiological ligand PSGL-1, which indicates BCPs are ligands of P-selectin with high affinity blocking the binding of P-selectin and PSGL-1.
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• •We provide a novel mechanism that polysaccharides inhibit the recruitment of leukocytes to inflammatory sites.
  
  

 

[Violeta]

Bupleurum and E-selectin: a connection in inflammation

In Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), E-selectin, an inducible endothelial adhesion molecule, plays a role in the inflammatory process. It is expressed on endothelial cells and helps in the adhesion of leukocytes to the vessel wall, contributing to the development of inflammatory infiltrates. Elevated levels of soluble E-selectin (sE-selectin) have been observed in patients with active GCA, along with other adhesion molecules like sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1.

Bupleurum, an herb used in traditional Chinese and Japanese medicine, and E-selectin, an adhesion molecule found on endothelial cells, are linked through their roles in inflammation.

 

[Violeta]

P-selectin and E-selectin are cell adhesion molecules that play a role in inflammation and thrombosis, and their involvement has been observed in COVID-19
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P-selectin

• Increased in COVID-19: Elevated levels of P-selectin have been frequently reported in COVID-19 patients, particularly those with severe disease.
• Mediates Platelet-Leukocyte Interactions: P-selectin is expressed on the surface of activated platelets and endothelial cells, mediating the adhesion and interaction between platelets and leukocytes (such as neutrophils and monocytes).
• Contributes to Thromboinflammation: This interaction is believed to be a central part of the abnormal coagulation and inflammatory processes seen in severe COVID-19, including microthrombosis (blood clots in small blood vessels) and lung damage.
• Potential as Biomarker: Measuring soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) levels in the blood can potentially be used as a marker for disease severity and prognosis in COVID-19 patients.

E-selectin

• Increased in Severe COVID-19: E-selectin, a molecule expressed on activated endothelial cells, has been shown to be elevated in patients with severe COVID-19, particularly those requiring Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission.
• Mediates Endothelial Activation: Its increased presence indicates endothelial activation and possibly endothelial damage in COVID-19.
• Role in Inflammation: E-selectin plays a role in mediating leukocyte adherence to the activated endothelium, a key step in inflammation and immune cell recruitment.
• Predictive Value: Some research suggests that elevated E-selectin levels might serve as a predictive marker for ICU admission in COVID-19 patients.

 

[Violeta]

Association of circulating biomarkers with illness severity measures differentiates myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome and post-COVID-19 condition: a prospective pilot cohort study​

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11005215/

ME/CFS patients also showed higher levels of serpin E1 (PAI-1) and E-selectin than did both long COVID and matched control subjects (p < 0.01 in all cases)

 

[Violeta]

I don't know how many eye conditions it is in involved in, but E-selectin is involved in glaucoma and macular degeneration.