A safe and effective micro-choice based rehabilitation for patients with long COVID: results from a quasi-experimental study (Frisk et al, 20223)

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Consul

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Abstract

At least 65 million people suffer from long COVID. Treatment guidelines are unclear, especially pertaining to recommendations of increased activity. This longitudinal study evaluated safety, changes in functional level and sick leave following a concentrated rehabilitation program for patients with long COVID. Seventy-eight patients (19–67 years) participated in a 3-day micro-choice based rehabilitation program with 7-day and 3-month follow-up. Fatigue, functional levels, sick leave, dyspnea and exercise capacity were assessed. No adverse events were reported and 97.4% completed the rehabilitation. Fatigue measured with Chalder Fatigue Questionnaire decreased at 7-days [mean difference (MD = − 4.5, 95% CI − 5.5 to − 3.4) and 3-month (MD = − 5.5, 95% CI − 6.7 to − 4.3). Sick leave rates and dyspnea were reduced (p < 0.001) and exercise capacity and functional level increased (p < 0.001) at 3-month follow-up regardless of severity of fatigue at baseline. Micro-choice based concentrated rehabilitation for patients with long COVID was safe, highly acceptable and showed rapid improvements in fatigue and functional levels, sustaining over time. Even though this is a quasi-experimental study, the findings are of importance addressing the tremendous challenges of disability due to long COVID. Our results are also highly relevant for patients, as they provide the base for an optimistic outlook and evidence supported reason for hope.

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-023-35991-y
 
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Consul

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I decided to try the stuff i read in this article the past week and it has helped greatly with fatigue and i havent had pem even with much more activity than would normally trigger pem. Didnt try any heavy lifting/workout though, hope the effects will last. Maybe this is a subgroup.
 
Treeman

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Consul said:
I decided to try the stuff i read in this article the past week and it has helped greatly with fatigue and i havent had pem even with much more activity than would normally trigger pem. Didnt try any heavy lifting/workout though, hope the effects will last. Maybe this is a subgroup.
Click to expand...

Could you list them?
 
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Consul

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Im still doing great more than two weeks later. Unfortunately i have had a cold for several weeks so i cant do physically demanding things. But i did some pushups and situps a while ago and i didnt get pem even if it was very intense.

If the theory from NIH is correct i think there are probably multiple pathways that can cause endoplasmic reticulum stress, one of them being psychological. People improve from a wide variety of interventions that are seemingly unrelated so i think it makes most sense that the problem isnt going to be e.g persistent virus or LPS or antibodies or psychological in itself but rather anything that can cause ER-stress which is probably all of the above and a number of other things.
 
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Consul

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SWAlexander said:
Would you know?
Click to expand...
Well the rough endoplasmic reticulum has the ribosomes on its surface and as far as i know those are required to translate any mRNA into proteins. So my guess is all the proteins. That said i think the ER is supposed to also fold proteins into a proper functional shape, im not sure if it does this to every protein or just some of them.
 
SWAlexander

SWAlexander

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Consul said:
im not sure if it does this to every protein or just some of them.
Click to expand...
I got tired of reading endless pages of publications and summarizing them, so I downloaded BARD AI.
This is the AI result to my question:

The proteins that are synthesized by ER-bound ribosomes are a diverse group. They include secretory proteins, membrane proteins, and proteins that are used in the ER itself. Some examples of proteins that are synthesized by ER-bound ribosomes include:
  • Insulin
  • Growth hormone
  • Hemoglobin
  • Albumin
  • Cholesterol
  • Phospholipids
  • Enzymes involved in protein folding and modification
In addition to proteins, ER-bound ribosomes can also translate mRNA that encodes RNA molecules. These RNA molecules are involved in a variety of functions, such as RNA editing, RNA splicing, and RNA transport.
 
SWAlexander

SWAlexander

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Having antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) Phospholipids were what I was most interested in.
AI results:
If phospholipids are damaged, it can affect a variety of RNA molecules, including:
  • mRNA: Phospholipids are essential for the folding and stability of mRNA. If phospholipids are damaged, it can lead to misfolding and degradation of mRNA. This can prevent the cell from translating mRNA into proteins, which can have a wide range of negative effects on the cell.
  • tRNA: Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules are responsible for carrying amino acids to ribosomes for protein synthesis. If phospholipids are damaged, it can affect the binding of tRNA to ribosomes, which can disrupt protein synthesis.
  • rRNA: Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is a component of ribosomes, which are responsible for protein synthesis. If phospholipids are damaged, it can affect the structure and function of ribosomes, which can disrupt protein synthesis.
  • snRNA: Small nuclear RNA (snRNA) molecules are involved in RNA splicing, which is the process of removing introns from RNA transcripts. If phospholipids are damaged, it can affect the function of snRNA molecules, which can lead to improper splicing of RNA transcripts.
In addition to these RNA molecules, damage to phospholipids can also affect the function of other cellular components, such as proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. This can lead to a variety of cellular dysfunctions, including cell death.
It is important to note that the specific RNA molecules that are damaged by phospholipid damage will vary depending on the type of damage and the cell type. However, the RNA molecules listed above are some of the most commonly affected by phospholipid damage.

For related damage to phospholipid by Polyethylene glycol (PEG) see: https://forums.phoenixrising.me/thr...-covid-syndrome-1-year-on.88834/#post-2441244
 
Last edited:
C

Consul

Messages
600
SWAlexander said:
I got tired of reading endless pages of publications and summarizing them, so I downloaded BARD AI.
This is the AI result to my question:

The proteins that are synthesized by ER-bound ribosomes are a diverse group. They include secretory proteins, membrane proteins, and proteins that are used in the ER itself. Some examples of proteins that are synthesized by ER-bound ribosomes include:
  • Insulin
  • Growth hormone
  • Hemoglobin
  • Albumin
  • Cholesterol
  • Phospholipids
  • Enzymes involved in protein folding and modification
Click to expand...
Well some of those are not proteins so i would be careful using this AI.
 
SWAlexander

SWAlexander

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Consul said:
not proteins
Click to expand...
You were right and this is the answer:
Out of the given options, cholesterol is not a protein. The other options, insulin, growth hormone, hemoglobin, and albumin, are all proteins.
  • Insulin is a protein that is produced by the pancreas. It helps to regulate blood sugar levels.
  • Growth hormone is a protein that is produced by the pituitary gland. It helps to regulate growth and development.
  • Hemoglobin is a protein that is found in red blood cells. It carries oxygen from the lungs to the tissues.
  • Albumin is a protein that is found in the blood. It helps to maintain blood volume and pressure.
  • Cholesterol is a waxy substance that is found in all cells. It is needed for the production of hormones, vitamin D, and cell membranes. However, it is not a protein.
Cholesterol is a type of lipid, which is a molecule that is made up of fat. Proteins are made up of amino acids.
 
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