Hip
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I just came across some interesting articles about the T2 thyroid hormone (3,5 diiodo-L-thyronine), which is available as a supplement.
T2 has the ability to boost the fat burning energy metabolism in mitochondria (as well as reduce mitochondrial oxidative stress). Refs: 1 2 3 4
Since Fluge and Mella's research showed that the glucose energy metabolism may be blocked in ME/CFS patients, boosting mitochondrial fat burning (an alternative route for deriving energy) might be a way to compensate for this blockage, and thus a T2 supplement could be beneficial in ME/CFS.
Ron Davis thinks the glucose energy metabolism may be blocked in ME/CFS as well.
Also, the fact that quite a few patients have reported substantial improvements on the ketogenic diet — a diet which increases mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation just as T2 does (see the study) — suggests that T2 could offer ME/CFS patients similar benefits to ketogenesis, without needing to follow the restrictions of a ketogenic diet.
Here are excerpts from some T2 articles (note that these are marketing articles):
Medical Information on T2: DIIODOTHYRONINE: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions and Warnings - WebMD
T2 Supplement Brands:
iFORCE TT-33 — £24 for 90 x 50 mcg capsules
Antaeus labs: 3,5-T2 — £33 for 180 x 100 mcg capsules
THYRO-T2 — $34 for 60 x 100 mcg capsules.
RED BURNER — $32 for 90 capsules (but with the amount of T2 not specified).
SAN Nutrition T2 Xtreme — £36 for 90 x 100 mcg capsules
Note that some of these supplements contain T2 in the 3,3 diiodo-L-thyronine as well as the 3,5 diiodo-L-thyronine form. But apparently, only the 3,5 form has active effects.
T2 has the ability to boost the fat burning energy metabolism in mitochondria (as well as reduce mitochondrial oxidative stress). Refs: 1 2 3 4
Since Fluge and Mella's research showed that the glucose energy metabolism may be blocked in ME/CFS patients, boosting mitochondrial fat burning (an alternative route for deriving energy) might be a way to compensate for this blockage, and thus a T2 supplement could be beneficial in ME/CFS.
Ron Davis thinks the glucose energy metabolism may be blocked in ME/CFS as well.
Also, the fact that quite a few patients have reported substantial improvements on the ketogenic diet — a diet which increases mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation just as T2 does (see the study) — suggests that T2 could offer ME/CFS patients similar benefits to ketogenesis, without needing to follow the restrictions of a ketogenic diet.
Here are excerpts from some T2 articles (note that these are marketing articles):
T2: The Lesser Known Thyroid Hormone
T2 is made by the deiodination of T3 and rT3 (possibly more so from rT3) and mimics the effects of T3 on energy metabolism. So while it does appear to be closely related to T3, it has been demonstrated to be metabolically active, possessing its own mechanisms of actions separate from T3.
T2 appears to be more specific to the mitochondria, as opposed to the DNA-based actions of T3.
The main source of T2 is most likely peripheral tissues (rather than the thyroid), partly evidenced by studies showing that skeletal muscle acts as a target for the hormone.
One theory is that T2 is the peripheral mediator of thyroid hormones’ effects on energy metabolism.
T2 rapidly affects mitochondrial respiratory parameters.
T2 may reverse impairments in mitochondria.
T2 activates SIRT1 and AMPK – important for healthy aging and preventing insulin resistance.
T2 increases mitochondrial capacity to import and oxidize fatty acids.
T2 (3,5-diiodo-L-thyronine) - The Best Legal Thyroid Supplement On Earth - Red Supplements
In one study using human mononuclear blood cells, T2 increased the rate of respiration significantly. This was without inhibiting TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) nearly as severely as T3 and T4 do. This means you can use T2 WITHOUT shutting down the natural production of your body’s own thyroid hormones.
Another study also examined T2’s effect on TSH levels, and it took 13 times as much T2 to cause the same TSH inhibition that T3 did. Basically, it is much safer in respect to keeping your body in a state of homeostasis and ensuring natural and optimal organ function.
T2: The Best Thyroid Supplement
3,5 Diiodo-L-thyronine is the chemical name for T2. There is a 3,3 version but that is inactive, 3,5 is what you want.
Unlike T4 or T3 it will not shut down natural T4 or T3 production.
T2 functions very similar to T3 but unlike T3 it doesn’t burn muscle while it is burning fat. In fact T2 may convert your slow twitch muscle fiber to fast twitch fibers!
Medical Information on T2: DIIODOTHYRONINE: Uses, Side Effects, Interactions and Warnings - WebMD
T2 Supplement Brands:
iFORCE TT-33 — £24 for 90 x 50 mcg capsules
Antaeus labs: 3,5-T2 — £33 for 180 x 100 mcg capsules
THYRO-T2 — $34 for 60 x 100 mcg capsules.
RED BURNER — $32 for 90 capsules (but with the amount of T2 not specified).
SAN Nutrition T2 Xtreme — £36 for 90 x 100 mcg capsules
Note that some of these supplements contain T2 in the 3,3 diiodo-L-thyronine as well as the 3,5 diiodo-L-thyronine form. But apparently, only the 3,5 form has active effects.
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