https://journals.plos.org/plospathogens/article?id=10.1371/journal.ppat.1010361
Overview: The Itaconate pathway may be playing a role in ME. The Itaconate pathway is closely tied with immune activation. Ron Davis put out some papers on the Itaconate pathway which are posted here on PR.
There have been many documented studies of the complex nature of ME etiology. One very sound idea is how the immune system activation is downstreaming to the rest of the body. It is well known that the immune system has the most gravitational force in the body and requires a multitude of other systems for support.
One such system is the endocrine system, and I am thinking specifically of the adrenal axis. Activation of the adrenals for hormone secretion is well known. Of course, this is only one example. The point is the immune system produces very strong byproducts that affect many systems. It is the byproducts that also affect metabolism, specifically the mitochondria production. When the mitochondria output is weakened then not only is energy production limited but the cells cannot create vitality which affects cell function such as immunity, detoxification and a myriad of other vital processes.
Here is an introduction to the paper:
Overview: The Itaconate pathway may be playing a role in ME. The Itaconate pathway is closely tied with immune activation. Ron Davis put out some papers on the Itaconate pathway which are posted here on PR.
There have been many documented studies of the complex nature of ME etiology. One very sound idea is how the immune system activation is downstreaming to the rest of the body. It is well known that the immune system has the most gravitational force in the body and requires a multitude of other systems for support.
One such system is the endocrine system, and I am thinking specifically of the adrenal axis. Activation of the adrenals for hormone secretion is well known. Of course, this is only one example. The point is the immune system produces very strong byproducts that affect many systems. It is the byproducts that also affect metabolism, specifically the mitochondria production. When the mitochondria output is weakened then not only is energy production limited but the cells cannot create vitality which affects cell function such as immunity, detoxification and a myriad of other vital processes.
Here is an introduction to the paper:
Introduction to itaconate
Itaconate is a mitochondrial metabolite, produced in high amounts by macrophages and monocytes of mice and humans upon activation by several inflammatory stimuli. In 2013, the identity of the itaconate-producing enzyme was revealed as aconitate decarboxylase 1, encoded by the gene Acod1 (previously known as immune-responsive gene 1, Irg1). This clear linkage of production of a mitochondrial metabolite in response to inflammatory signaling immediately raised a flurry of interest. Indeed, itaconate has significant immunomodulatory properties and may pave the way for new immunomodulatory drugs. Presented here are several aspects of itaconate biology and a discussion of future research avenues.
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