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Energizing sick mitochondria with vitamin B3.

Ema

Senior Member
Messages
4,729
Location
Midwest USA
Hmmm, good for mitochondria...and for killing antibiotic resistant infections.

Time to get out the nicotinamide again, I think!

Energizing sick mitochondria with vitamin B3: Effective treatment for mitochondrial disease
Date:
April 7, 2014

Source:
Helsingin yliopisto (University of Helsinki)

The researchers of the University of Helsinki, Finland, and École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Switzerland, have shown that vitamin B3 form nicotinamide riboside can slow down the progression of mitochondrial disease, suggesting its potential as a novel therapy approach to adult-onset mitochondrial muscle diseases.

Vitamins B have recently been turned out to be potent modifiers of energy metabolism, especially the function of mitochondria. Vitamin B3, (niacin) has been found to delay the signs of aging in animal models.

An international collaboration between the University of Helsinki and École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne reported today in the journal Embo Molecular Medicine that vitamin B3 form, nicotinamide riboside, can slow down the progression of mitochondrial disease, suggesting its potential as a novel therapy approach to adult-onset mitochondrial muscle diseases.

Mitochondria power up all cells in our bodies, by generating fuel, ATP, for all cellular functions. Dysfunction of these cellular engines can cause mitochondrial disorders, which are the most common cause of inherited metabolic diseases in adults and children. Mitochondrial myopathy is the most frequent form of adult mitochondrial disorder. The typical symptoms in the patients are muscle weakness, pain and cramps. Despite the progressive nature of these diseases, no curative treatment is available.

In their current publication, Dr Nahid Khan in Prof Anu Suomalainen Wartiovaara's group showed that feeding mice with food supplemented with B3 form, nicotinamide riboside, delayed their mitochondrial myopathy. The treatment increased mitochondrial mass and function, and cured the structural abnormalities. These results clearly showed the potential of this vitamin B form, a natural constituent of milk, to activate dysfunctional mitochondrial metabolism.

"These results are a breakthrough for understanding the mechanisms of human mitochondrial muscle diseases and for exploring the efficient treatment options for these progressive disorders of adults. They also highlight the potent role of niacin in guiding mitochondrial energy metabolism," Professor Anu Suomalainen Wartiovaara states.

Story Source:

The above story is based on materials provided by Helsingin yliopisto (University of Helsinki). Note: Materials may be edited for content and length.

Journal Reference:

  1. Nahid A Khan, Mari Auranen, Ilse Paetau, Eija Pirinen, Liliya Euro, Saara Forsström, Lotta Pasila, Vidya Velagapudi, Christopher J Carroll, Johan Auwerx and Anu Suomalainen. Effective treatment of mitochondrial myopathy by nicotinamide riboside, a vitamin B3. EMBO Molecular Medicine, April 2014 DOI: 10.1002/emmm.201403943
 

Ema

Senior Member
Messages
4,729
Location
Midwest USA
Look, @heapsreal, it says it is insulin-sensitizing!



Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2013 Nov;16(6):657-61. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e32836510c0.
Nicotinamide riboside, a trace nutrient in foods, is a vitamin B3 with effects on energy metabolism and neuroprotection.
Chi Y1, Sauve AA.
Author information

Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:
This review focuses upon the biology and metabolism of a trace component in foods called nicotinamide riboside. Nicotinamide riboside is a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), and is a source of Vitamin B3. Evidence indicates that nicotinamide riboside has unique properties as a Vitamin B3. We review knowledge of the metabolism of this substance, as well as recent work suggesting novel health benefits that might be associated with nicotinamide riboside taken in larger quantities than is found naturally in foods.

RECENT FINDINGS:
Recent work investigating the effects of nicotinamide riboside in yeast and mammals established that it is metabolized by at least two types of metabolic pathways. The first of these is degradative and produces nicotinamide. The second pathway involves kinases called nicotinamide riboside kinases (Nrk1 and Nrk2, in humans). The likely involvement of the kinase pathway is implicated in the unique effects of nicotinamide riboside in raising tissue NAD concentrations in rodents and for potent effects in eliciting insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial biogenesis, and enhancement of sirtuin functions. Additional studies with nicotinamide riboside in models of Alzheimer's disease indicate bioavailability to brain and protective effects, likely by stimulation of brain NAD synthesis.

SUMMARY:
Initial studies have clarified the potential for a lesser-known Vitamin B3 called nicotinamide riboside that is available in selected foods, and possibly available to humans by supplements. It has properties that are insulin sensitizing, enhancing to exercise, resisting to negative effects of high-fat diet, and neuroprotecting.
 

heapsreal

iherb 10% discount code OPA989,
Messages
10,189
Location
australia (brisbane)
ote="Ema, post: 450984, member: 4199"]Not that I can find yet...but I haven't got the full text of the second paper yet.

I emailed you the first paper, just FYI.[/quote]
Could it be this improvement in mitochondria as to why b3 helps lower cholesterol? ?
 

adreno

PR activist
Messages
4,841
Looks like regular Niacinamide would be helpful too :

J Neurosci Res. 2008 Jul;86(9):2083-90. doi: 10.1002/jnr.21650.

Abstract
Nicotinamide, the principal form of niacin (vitamin B3), has been proposed to be neuroprotective in Parkinson's disease. However, the effects and mechanisms of nicotinamide on motor function in animals and on mitochondrial function in cellular systems have not been well studied. We hypothesized that niacin-derived NAD(P)H as antioxidants and enzyme cofactors could inhibit oxidative damage and improve mitochondrial function and thus protect neurodegeneration and improve motor function. In the present study, the effects of nicotinamide on mitochondrial function and oxidative stress were studied in a 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP(+))-induced cellular model of Parkinson's disease, and the effects of improving motor dysfunction were studied in an alpha-synuclein transgenic Drosophila Parkinson's model. Mitochondrial function was tested by measuring the activity of mitochondrial complex I and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, and oxidative damage was tested by measuring reactive oxygen species, DNA damage (8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyguanosine and Comet assay), and protein oxidation (protein carbonyls) levels. Nicotinamide at a relatively higher concentration, that is, 100-fold of the level in the cell culture medium (101 mg/L), significantly protected SK-N-MC human neuroblastoma cells from an MPP(+)-induced decrease in cell viability, complex I and alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase activity, and an increase in oxidant generation, DNA damage, and protein oxidation. In the Drosophila model, nicotinamide at 15 and 30 mg/100 g diet significantly improved climbing ability. These results suggest that nutritional supplementation of nicotinamide at high doses decreases oxidative stress and improves mitochondrial and motor function in cellular and/or Drosophila models and may be an effective strategy for preventing and ameliorating Parkinson's disease.

PMID
18381761
 

Hanna

Senior Member
Messages
717
Location
Jerusalem, Israel
When I was on Dr Myhill's Protocole, I used to take 500 mg Niacinamide 3 times a day. Didn't see any progress, but that was four years ago... It seems to me that 25 mg of active B3 (NAD) has some more effects now.
 

adreno

PR activist
Messages
4,841
Really there needs to be a balance between B3 (NAD) and methyl groups. Methylation cranks up metabolism and hence oxidative stress, whereas B3 decreases it. Both hypo- and hypermethylation is bad for you.
 

Ema

Senior Member
Messages
4,729
Location
Midwest USA
Look, @heapsreal, it says it is insulin-sensitizing!



Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2013 Nov;16(6):657-61. doi: 10.1097/MCO.0b013e32836510c0.
Nicotinamide riboside, a trace nutrient in foods, is a vitamin B3 with effects on energy metabolism and neuroprotection.
Chi Y1, Sauve AA.
Author information

Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:
This review focuses upon the biology and metabolism of a trace component in foods called nicotinamide riboside. Nicotinamide riboside is a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), and is a source of Vitamin B3. Evidence indicates that nicotinamide riboside has unique properties as a Vitamin B3. We review knowledge of the metabolism of this substance, as well as recent work suggesting novel health benefits that might be associated with nicotinamide riboside taken in larger quantities than is found naturally in foods.

RECENT FINDINGS:
Recent work investigating the effects of nicotinamide riboside in yeast and mammals established that it is metabolized by at least two types of metabolic pathways. The first of these is degradative and produces nicotinamide. The second pathway involves kinases called nicotinamide riboside kinases (Nrk1 and Nrk2, in humans). The likely involvement of the kinase pathway is implicated in the unique effects of nicotinamide riboside in raising tissue NAD concentrations in rodents and for potent effects in eliciting insulin sensitivity, mitochondrial biogenesis, and enhancement of sirtuin functions. Additional studies with nicotinamide riboside in models of Alzheimer's disease indicate bioavailability to brain and protective effects, likely by stimulation of brain NAD synthesis.

SUMMARY:
Initial studies have clarified the potential for a lesser-known Vitamin B3 called nicotinamide riboside that is available in selected foods, and possibly available to humans by supplements. It has properties that are insulin sensitizing, enhancing to exercise, resisting to negative effects of high-fat diet, and neuroprotecting.
This article used doses in mice from 250 mg/kg to 400 mg/kg which works out to about 1200 mg/day in a 60 kg human at the low end and just under 2000 mg/day at the high end.

Considering a bottle of sixty 250 mg capsules is $50...this could get to be an expensive proposition indeed. If it works, even.

Why are all the mito supps so expensive??
 

rwac

Senior Member
Messages
172
I've been following this stuff. It was about $18 per bottle a little while ago, and will probably fall in price once the great houha (it potentially extends lifespan and improves cognition) dies, possibly even cheaper since lots of people will be buying it.
 

Ema

Senior Member
Messages
4,729
Location
Midwest USA
This article used doses in mice from 250 mg/kg to 400 mg/kg which works out to about 1200 mg/day in a 60 kg human at the low end and just under 2000 mg/day at the high end.

Considering a bottle of sixty 250 mg capsules is $50...this could get to be an expensive proposition indeed. If it works, even.

Why are all the mito supps so expensive??
So the bottle arrived today...and the serving size is TWO capsules...so each one is actually 125 mg.

That really pisses me off when companies do that. I mean, really, CAN YOU JUST PUT THE AMOUNT IN ONE PILL ON THE LABEL???

Ugh, rant.

This stuff better be magic but unfortunately I've tried one too many "magic" supps to have a whole lot of hope left...
 
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