Learner1
Senior Member
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All good stuff. There seem to be multiple pathways for niacin to get all the way to ATP.Today I start a trial with Nicotinamide Riboside!
Effective treatment of mitochondrial myopathy by nicotinamide riboside, a vitamin B3
Abstract
"Nutrient availability is the major regulator of life and reproduction, and a complex cellular signaling network has evolved to adapt organisms to fasting. These sensor pathways monitor cellular energy metabolism, especially mitochondrial ATP production and NAD+/NADH ratio, as major signals for nutritional state. We hypothesized that these signals would be modified by mitochondrial respiratory chain disease, because of inefficient NADH utilization and ATP production. Oral administration of nicotinamide riboside (NR), a vitamin B3 and NAD+ precursor, was previously shown to boost NAD+ levels in mice and to induce mitochondrial biogenesis. Here, we treated mitochondrial myopathy mice with NR. This vitamin effectively delayed early‐ and late‐stage disease progression, by robustly inducing mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle and brown adipose tissue, preventing mitochondrial ultrastructure abnormalities and mtDNA deletion formation. NR further stimulated mitochondrial unfolded protein response, suggesting its protective role in mitochondrial disease. These results indicate that NR and strategies boosting NAD+ levels are a promising treatment strategy for mitochondrial myopathy."
@BeautifulDay @Learner1
Full text available, http://embomolmed.embopress.org/content/6/6/721
Another paper about NAD+ supplementation to treat MitoD:
NAD+-Dependent Activation of Sirt1 Corrects the Phenotype in a Mouse Model of Mitochondrial Disease
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NAD+ is a substrate activator of Sirtuin 1, a key player of mitochondrial biogenesis
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Parp1 inhibitors and nicotinamide riboside increase the NAD+ content in tissues
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These compounds improve the phenotype of a mitochondrial disease mouse model
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These are potential therapies for human mitochondrial disorders
Summary
Mitochondrial disorders are highly heterogeneous conditions characterized by defects of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Pharmacological activation of mitochondrial biogenesis has been proposed as an effective means to correct the biochemical defects and ameliorate the clinical phenotype in these severely disabling, often fatal, disorders. Pathways related to mitochondrial biogenesis are targets of Sirtuin1, a NAD+-dependent protein deacetylase. As NAD+ boosts the activity of Sirtuin1 and other sirtuins, intracellular levels of NAD+ play a key role in the homeostatic control of mitochondrial function by the metabolic status of the cell. We show here that supplementation with nicotinamide riboside, a natural NAD+ precursor, or reduction of NAD+ consumption by inhibiting the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases, leads to marked improvement of the respiratory chain defect and exercise intolerance of the Sco2 knockout/knockin mouse, a mitochondrial disease model characterized by impaired cytochrome c oxidase biogenesis. This strategy is potentially translatable into therapy of mitochondrial disorders in humans.
full text available
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550413114001648
Nicotinamide riboside does nothing for me, though the science is good and it helps others. I've tried different doses up to 1g a day, with no result.
However, NADH perks me up within 20 minutes.
I think we all have to find what works for us individually.