Mitochondria 101 part 2

[Radio]

Acquired mitochondrial damage is a normal part of aging, but is accelerated in chronic fatigue syndrome and many other metabolic disorders. Chronic deficiencies and methylation factors as well as gut imbalances destroys the mitochondrial membranes and lead to the modern day diseases we see today. At this point, the fact is, we need mitochondrial support. The main focus is to prevent Apoptosis cell death and it's imperative that we start mitochondria supportive therapy at the on set of CFS/ME.


Radio note: Oral lipid replacement therapy may not be in high enough dosage for some members to absorb into their system and may need to look into IV lipid therapy.

The PK Protocol aids in regeneration of the cell membrane

Background: The lipid soluble nature of toxicity has led us to seize the complexity of neurological presentations by addressing them from a cell membrane perspective. Examination of red cell lipids and identification of nuclear DNA adducts as chemicals, pesticides, microbials and metals in subjects with Motor Neuron Disease, Autism, Multiple Sclerosis, Post Stroke, Epilepsy, Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease over the past eleven years in 9000 analyses has revealed a characteristic accumulation of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs), which comprise lipid rafts, or ceramides, revealing cell membrane derangement. Membrane phospholipid abnormalities with elevation of VLCFAs may be indicative of exposure to fat soluble neurotoxins resulting in suppressed peroxisomal beta oxidation of VLCFAs. Disturbances in methylation due to toxic exposure may destabilize the membrane phospholipid structure and alter DNA expression due to deficits in the enzymes Methylene Tetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) and Methionine Synthase.

Objective: The use of oral and IV lipids may facilitate stabilization of phospholipids in cellular membranes thereby addressing cell membrane integrity. The addition of intravenous phenylbutrate addresses neuroinflammation by increasing the beta oxidation of VLCFAs.

Procedure: To clear the bioaccumulation of toxins and stabilize membrane function we have embarked on a clinical treatment plan for the past five years to address the accumulation of aberrant lipids and ceramides with oral and IV phenylbutyrate, bolus intravenous phosphatidylcholine as Essentiale, methylation factors (folinic acid, riboflavin, methylcobalamin, tetrahydrobiopterin), and sulfation support (IV Glutathione).

Results: We have noted significant and sustained clinical neurological improvement within the first few weeks after initiation of oral and intravenous treatment in our patient population of 300 subjects.

Conclusion: The administration of Phosphatidylcholine, Leucovorin/Folinic acid, Glutathione and Phenylbutyrate may offer a new therapeutic strategy for neurological disorders involving neurotoxic exposure.

So you might be thinking: how can one treatment regimen work on so many different diseases? While there are a few root causes of acquired disease --among them toxins, infections and trauma-- the final common pathways of disease are all due to cellular damage and dysfunction. This can happen at the cell membrane, the DNA, or the mitochondria (some of you may have to harken back to high school biology class). So, very briefly, what the PK Protocol does is remove the accumulated toxins in and on the cells and introduces back the raw materials to repair the membranes. That process allows function to be restored. This is a very simple, yet profoundly complicated process. So what organs are damaged enough to impair function gives you your diagnosis, the protocol helps repair all the cells of the body, which is why it's applicable to Age Management (some of our patients got to meet Ed Kane, Dr. Kane's husband, who is 85, sharp as a tack, and lectures to physicians in the seminars). See more at: http://www.pbimedicine.com/3/post/2...-treatment-the-pk-patricia-kane-protocol.html

PK / Protocol
http://pkprotocol.com/

 

[Radio]

Fats, Membranes, the Healthy Brain and Mitochondria
The vast majority of cell metabolism takes place on, in or around cell membranes. If you took all the cell membranes in one person and spread them out flat they would cover 100 square kilometres and to run round this you would be running a marathon! The structure of cell membranes is identical throughout the animal kingdom. They are made up of fatty molecules which have a water loving end and a fat loving end - these combine in a sandwich so the fat loving end forms the core of the membrane and the water loving end the outside of the membrane. The structure of the membrane and how liquid it is depends on the fats that are in it. If the composition of membranes changes, then they will either become more stiff or more liquid.

There are a great many effects which result from this, for example increased irritability and sensitivity which of course could explain many symptoms such as intolerance of chemicals and foods, intolerance of heat light and touch, low pain threshold, cardiac dysarrhythmias and so on. Indeed a great many drugs work because of their effects on changing membrane structure such as general anaesthetics, tranquilisers, pain killers and anti-inflammatory drugs.

Mitochondrial membranes are different from cell membranes because they have to be a little stiffer in order to hold still the bundles of enzymes called cristae on which oxidative phosphorylation takes place. They have an additional fat namely cardiolipin to create this extra stiffness.

Acumen laboratories can look directly at mitochondrial membranes to see how they function Translocator protein studies and their structure Cardiolipin studies.

Having the correct oils in the diet is essential for energy supply to the brain. Poor energy supply means foggy brain. See Brain fog - poor memory, difficulty thinking clearly etc.

What are these lipids and where do we get them?
1. Many of these lipids the body cannot make and they have to come in through the diet. Membranes are largely made up of phosphatidylcholine (they also require phosphatidylserene, phosphatidylethanolamine and phophatidylinositol) and these are present in foods which are made up from other animal cells i.e. meat, fish and eggs. They are present in non-meat foods for example lecithin (present in soya) is a particularly concentrated form of phosphatidylcholine. For all these fats to be available we need a good digestive system. See Digestive enzymes are necessary to digest food and Malabsorption - failure to get the goodness from food. See more at: http://drmyhill.co.uk/wiki/Lipids,_fats_and_essential_fatty_acids

Radio Warning: Carbohydrate fasting is not recommend when you have mitochondria disease. We need glycogen supportive foods to fuel the damage mitochondria and to maintain ATP synthase. Also, there are hypoglycemic subgroups to contemplate as well. I know there is a good amount of research on mitochondria and fasting. Regretfully, this is not a good idea when you are dealing with a progressive mitochondria damage.

 

[Radio]

CoQ10: Potential Therapy for Inherited Mitochondrial Disorder

Newly released research underscores the vital importance of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) to mitochondrial health.

A study released ahead of print in April 2013 by the journal Mitochondrion has found that patients with mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome (MDS) have significantly deficient levels of CoQ10.85 MDS is a hereditary condition characterized by grossly reduced cellular levels of mitochrondrial DNA in infancy. MDS involves various progressive disorders that are often fatal in childhood.86

Currently, there are no effective therapies available for MDS86—but this recent finding indicates that CoQ10 could represent a candidate therapy for this condition.

The suggestion that CoQ10 may constitute a therapeutic hope for treating this serious mitochondrial-deficiency disorder demonstrates just how powerfully CoQ10 protects mitochondria.

This also underscores CoQ10’s vital importance in slowing or reversing the “natural” aging process in healthy individuals.

PQQ Creates New Mitochondria
While coenzyme Q10 optimizes mitochondrial function and protects them from free radical damage, scientists have found another coenzyme that triggers the creation of new mitochondria altogether.

A huge research advance in 2012 showed that the coenzyme pyrroloquinoline quinone (or PQQ)activates genes that induce mitochondrial biogenesis—the spontaneous formation of new mitochondria in aging cells!57

This represents a major breakthrough in battling the mitochondrial destruction that underlies aging.

PQQ deficiency has a profound effect on your genes—especially those involved in cellular stress, cell signaling, transport of metabolites, and of course, the creation of new mitochondria.57 Specifically, PQQ deficiency negatively affects the expression pattern of 438 genes—but research has found that this effect is reversed after supplementation with PQQ.57

Prior to this breakthrough, some of the only scientifically validated ways to reliably stimulate the creation of new mitochondria were sustained calorie restriction or strenuous physical activity—both of which are too rigorous and impractical for most aging people.58,59 PQQ now provides the most practical means of reversing the deadly decline in functional mitochondria that is the underlying cause of premature aging and degenerative disease.

Earlier findings repeatedly indicated PQQ’s central role as a potent growth factor.60,61 In preclinical trials, when animals were deprived of dietary PQQ, they exhibited stunted growth, impaired conception rates, and most importantly, fewer mitochondria.62-64 However, re-introducing PQQ into the diet reversed these effects—while simultaneously increasing mitochondrial number and energetic efficiency.62,63

Like CoQ10, PQQ also actively supports the energy transfer within the mitochondria that supplies the body with most of its bioenergy. Its exceptional stability allows it to carry out thousands of these transfers without undergoing molecular breakdown. PQQ has been proven especially effective in neutralizing two of the most potent free radicals, the superoxide and hydroxyl radicals.See more at:http://www.lef.org/magazine/mag2013...trategy-to-Reverse-Mitochondrial-Aging_02.htm

Radio: I am now supplementing with Life Extension Super Ubiquniol Coq10 With BioPQQ. 100mg 2-4xday. This concludes my broadcast for now Pay it forward and never give up!




Life Extension Super Ubiquniol Coq10 With BioPQQ
http://www.iherb.com/Life-Extension-Super-Ubiquinol-CoQ10-with-BioQQ-100-mg-30-Softgels/50706#p=1&oos=1&disc=0&lc=en-US&w=Extension Super Ubiquniol Coq10 With BioPQQ&rc=7&sr=null&ic=1



Disclaimer
The information on this thread is not intended to be medical advice. The information is meant to inspire and motivate you to make your own decisions surrounding your health care and dietary needs. It is intended for educational and informational purposes only. You should not rely upon any information found on this thread to determine dietary changes, a medical diagnosis or course of treatment. Readers should perform their own research and make decisions in partnership with their own health care providers.

 

[Aerose91]

@Radio

I've been in touch with Dr Sheryl Leventhal who is a large supporter of the PK protocol. She has given me the PK diet as well which intends to cut out gut fermentation and replenish the cell membranes.
This, however, consists of extremely low carbs and very high fats- both saturated and unsaturated- and moderate protein. My current diet was around 50g of carbs/day and she told me this is still too high if I want to heal my gut. So, this causes a bit of a conundrum, less energy from lower carbs but higher fat to heal the cell membranes and ultimately create more energy. Also, the sustained carbs may not allow ones gut to heal- so where does the pendulum need to swing?

 

[Radio]

Radio Note: If we can increase ATP intracellular energy in the mitochondria. This will promote healing in all area's of the body.

Study: PEAK ATP® Increases Strength, Muscle

MISSOULA, Mont.—According to a new study published in the journal Nutrition & Metabolism, PEAK ATP® supplementation is effective in significantly increasing total body strength, power and muscle mass.


The 12-week study showed trained athletes were able to lift heavier weights and double the reported benefits of their workouts on lean body mass. The study concluded that supplementation with PEAK ATP® (fromTSI Group) enhanced muscle performance and recovery by increasing blood flow and oxygenation of muscles.

The study was lead by Jacob Wilson, Ph.D, assistant professor and director, University of Tampa. Wilson's team examined the effects of 400mg per day of oral adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) supplementation on muscular adaptations. The study investigated changes in muscle size, strength and power in response to resistance training and the nutrition intervention with oral PEAK ATP®.

"These categorically positive results are gratifying but not at all surprising," said Larry Kolb, president of Missoula, MT-based TSI USA Inc. "Athletes have long relied on PEAK ATP as a next generation nutritional tool to maximize performance and generate a safe, reliable competitive edge."

The study was a three-phase randomized, double-blind, placebo, diet controlled intervention. Phase one entailed a periodized resistance-training program. Phase two consisted of a two week overreaching cycle during which volume and frequency were increased, followed by a two-week taper or phase three.

Researchers examined muscle mass, strength and power at the beginning of the study and in weeks four, eight and 12 to assess the chronic effects of ATP. Assessment performance variables also occurred at the end of weeks nine and 10, corresponding to the mid and endpoints of the overreaching cycle.

The findings showed resistance training increased performance in athletes, however, PEAK ATP® doubled the effect of training alone and resulted in a significant increase in lean body mass by 100 percent, total body strength by more than 147 percent, and power by 30 percent. During the overreaching cycle, PEAK ATP® increased in strength and power in comparison to the beginning of the study and blunted the decrease of strength and power observed in the placebo group. The protein breakdown was also lower in the ATP group. ATP supplementation was found to be safe and no adverse effects were reported.

“ATP’s role as the primary intracellular energy source is well established," Kolb said. “We're pleased to have additional confirmation that PEAK ATP® offers multiple advantages over existing ingredients in the popular category of vasodilators." See more at: http://www.naturalproductsinsider.com/news/2013/10/study-peak-atp-increases-strength-muscle.aspx

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphate



Radio note: I like this as a sublingual supplement and feel we need to review this therapy further. Also, I thought about using a nebulizer to increase ATP absorption into the body as well.

Douglas Labs - ATP-20 60 Tablets (Sublingual)
http://www.amazon.com/Douglas-Labs-ATP-20-60-Tablets/dp/B000SVIO4A

ATP (adenosine triphosphate)

Many people may not be aware of the biological role ATP (adenosine triphosphate) has in energy production; regardless‚ it's role is absolutely crucial‚ which is why Douglas Labs wants to help support ATP production and function with ATP-20 Tablets.

ATP is mainly produced in the mitochondria of our cells. However‚ as a result of certain conditions or dietary factors‚ it's possible that our bodies may not produce enough ATP‚ which means ATP-20 Tablets may be extremely beneficial.

ATP provides energy for a large number of essential functions‚ like metabolism; ATP transports chemical energy between cells in order to facilitate this action. The ATP in Douglas Labs ATP-20 Tablets also plays a large role in muscle function. The breaking down of ATP can trigger the action of the motor protein myosin‚ the substance that controls muscle contraction‚ which can be essential for athletic performance.

ATP-20 Tablets also may promote cell division‚ which is essential for cellular maintenance.

As a sublingual dietary supplement‚ ATP-20 Tablets are meant to be taken and dissolved in mouth.

This supplement may be best for athletes or anyone looking to support energy production in the body.

- See more at: http://www.pureformulas.com/atp20-s...ouglas-laboratories.html#sthash.q84lwgvl.dpuf

 

[Aerose91]

Aren't short chain fatty acids supposed to provide us with atp?

 

[Radio]

Got Phospholipids?

 

[Radio]

I have found some new information that could have a impact on the road to recovery. I will try and post this research in way that everyone can understand. The best approach I have found is to post question and answers to simplify these topics.

The main focus in this thread is to post research to help prevent Apoptosis cell death and information on supporting the mitochondria. We need to protect the mitochondria to allow our cells to recover faster and make new mitochondria to replace old cellular damage.



How do we protect the mitochondria from cellular damage and cell death?


I used to think there was very little we could do to prevent mitochondrial apoptosis (cell death). That was before I learned some surprising facts about purple food. Yes, purple food. No, I'm not having a brain fog moment. No, I don't work for the Purple Nutritional Supplement Corporation PNSC. There is something really special about purple food. There is a special mitochondria flavonoid protector called Anthocyanin.




What foods have Anthocyanin in them?


Actually this antioxidant is found in many foods we already eat and foods you never thought about of eating. Foods like Purple Rice, purple corn, purple potatoes, Purple plums, blue berries, cabbage, onions, eggplant, Beets, purple Cauliflower, grapes, purple Carrots and many other fruits.



How can Anthocyanins protect the mitochondria?


Radio: Anthocyanins suppress MOS-induced apoptosis cell death, that is the key to our recovery.

DISCUSSION:
These data show that anthocyanins suppress MOS-induced apoptosis by preserving mitochondrial GSH and inhibiting cardiolipin oxidation and mitochondrial fragmentation. These nutraceutical antioxidants warrant further study as potential therapeutic agents for neurodegenerative diseases caused by MOS.
Neuroprotective effects of anthocyanins on apoptosis induced by mitochondrial oxidative stress.http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22053756

Purple Food Diet Not So Crazy
One randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled study conducted on a group of 120 middle-aged participants found that supplementation with anthocyanins led to a decrease in the harmful LDL cholesterol, and an increase in the healthy HDL cholesterol. These results indicate that anthocyanins may be capable of reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. See more at: http://felicitycurtain.com/2013/02/26/purple-food-diet-not-so-crazy/

Radio note: We need HDL cholesterol to make bile acid to control dysbiosis.The next post has to do with Alfa Glycopeptides, They have high amounts of Anthocyanins (Purple food) in them. They are a super purple foods. This research is based on purple rice or black rice.

Alfa Glycopeptides
Nutritional alphalpha-glycopeptideslycopeptides (polysaccharides/polypeptides in the unique purple rice) are uniquely and proprietarily processd, whole body, cellular support food molecules that serve 1) the mitochondrial production of ATP energy, 2) cell membrane processes including cell-signaling, induction of nutrients, and egress of toxins, 3) whole body nutritional enhancement of vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, healing sugars, and nucleo-proteins.
2. The alpha-glycopeptides are processed from special, super-strains of pollutant-free, cross-pollinated rice, one with added spirulina, one with “medical rice” to render, via hydrolysis, the proprietary alpha-glycopeptides that support human nutritional health.

3. To be readily available to the cells, nutritional molecules be ‘alpha’ sized – e.g. very, very tiny. Larger molecules require disassembly by enzymes (work) or the cells cannot use them for their internal processes. The alpha-glycopeptides discussed are proprietarily reduced to their natural alpha size.

4. People today, in the author’s opinion, are grossly deficient in the production of ATP from the modern-day diet. This is the fundamental basis for the human energy crisis so rampant today and a cause behind practically all diseases and aging processes.

5. Alpha-glycopeptides support mitochondrial production of ATP„ the energy of life. The body uses ATP for every activity (work)) that keeps us alive and in the best of health possible.

6. Alpha-glycopeptides support cell-signaling, both with the components of the cell-signaling alphabet itself, as well as the membrane production and implementation of cell signals that organize collective tissue functions and maintain the extracellular terrain. Thus they play a vital role in proper immune responses to pathogens, allergens, and aberrant cells, as well as detoxification and health maintenance.

7. The mitochondria organelles, of which there are thousands in a single cell, have their own DNA and require ATP to repair and maintain themselves in excellent health. When the mitochondria are healthy, the body does not get the dreaded mitochondrial diseases. If the mitochondrial DNA becomes damaged, then the cell cannot function normally.

8. Supplying the mitochondria with their perfect fuel (the glycol fraction of the alpha-glycopeptides) for production of ATP is ‘ground zero’ for allowing the body to have the opportunity to correct ccymptom expressions that are based on a lack of cellular energy.

9. Adequate ATP and the resulting mitochondrial production of antioxidants protects cells from aging, degeneration, and aberrant behaviors. Thus the cells are able to replicate themselves with good integrity based on their original, youthful blueprint.

10. ATP production is equated with youthfulness, ability of the body to self-repair, and prevention of aging diseases.

11. Alpha-glycopeptides support athletic endeavors by helping the muscles recover and repair, as well as helping the body process lactic acid into more energy instead of soreness.

12. The peptide fraction of alpha-glycopeptides, is by far, more important to health than the valuable and necessary glycol fraction that served the body’s ATP production and cell signals because, in human nutrition, the nucleo-proteins (alpha sized amino acids) are used for cellular communication, hormone production and hormones themselves, tissue repair, antibodies that support human immunity, and thousands of other life-support functions such as DNA repair.

13. The goal of digestion is to render alpha-sized sugars, proteins and fats because nutrition is only as good as what the cells can assimilate and use for life processes.

14. Alpha-glycopeptides help with memory and brain function via the increased production of ATP, and enhancing the body’s innate detoxification processes.

15. Increasing ATP production to activate the body’s innate detoxification processes and increase glutathione production with the cells is, according to the author, a new paradigm for every detoxification programa and a major breakthrough in how human beings can protect their health in the 21st century’s terribly polluted environement.

16. Alpha-glycopeptides support the body’s anti-inflammatory processes so that the necessary inflammations can resolve quickly without becoming chronic. Long term, low level inflammations cause tissue deterioration, poor tissue function, and lead to various chronic degenerative diseases and auto-immune diseases. Alpha-glycopeptides provide antioxidants as well as boost the body’s own ability to make its own nascent antioxidants. They also provide the molecules for the cell membranes to communicate with the immune system effectively which means that the cells can help control the immune system’s inflammatory response.

17. The author proposes an 11th paradigm of disease – the lack of cellular production of ATP – as a root cause of medicine’s other disease paradigms and the ‘mother of all disease paradigms’.

18. Due to the overwhelming multitude of testimonials about improved energy, for many people cellular energy translates to physical energy. Improved energy is a typical and frequent experience of people supplementing their diets with alpha-glycopeptides.

19. Energy is everything. Everything is energy.See more here http://latinovoice.tumblr.com/post/35646362136/tips-from-the-book-of-dr-jack-tip-healing-power

Radio note : These foods also has antibacterial activities. This means it can also help control dysbiosis.

Abstract
We report the design, synthesis, membrane activity, biophysical characterization, and in vitro antibacterial activities of cationic cyclic D,L-alpha-glycopeptides bearing d-glucosamine (GlcNH(2)), D-galactose (Gal), or D-mannose (Man) glycosyl side chains.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19557251

Radio note: Anthocyanins also have anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic activity as well.

Anthocyanins: natural colorants with health-promoting properties.
Abstract
Anthocyanins are flavonoids in fruits and vegetables that render them vivid red to blue. To date, there have been more than 635 anthocyanins identified in nature, featuring six common aglycones and various types of glycosylations and acylations. Dietary consumption of anthocyanins is high compared to other flavonoids, owing to their wide distribution in plant materials. Based upon many cell-line studies, animal models, and human clinical trials, it has been suggested that anthocyanins possess anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic activity, cardiovascular disease prevention, obesity control, and diabetes alleviation properties, all of which are more or less associated with their potent antioxidant property. Evidence suggests that absorption of anthocyanins occurs in the stomach and small intestine. Epithelial tissue uptake seems to be highly efficient, yet transportation into circulation, tissue distribution, and urine excretion are very limited. The bioactivity of bioavailable anthocyanins should be a focus of future research regarding their putative health-promoting effects.See more at:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22129334

Anthocyanins Info

Just a spoonful of black rice bran contains more health promoting anthocyanin antioxidants than are found in a spoonful of blueberries, but with less sugar and more fiber and vitamin E antioxidants,” said Zhimin Xu, Associate Professor at the Department of Food Science at Louisiana State University Agricultural Center in Baton Rouge, La., who reported on the research. “If berries are used to boost health, why not black rice and black rice bran? Especially, black rice bran would be a unique and economical material to increase consumption of health promoting antioxidants.”


Like fruits, “black rice” is rich in anthocyanin antioxidants, substances that show promise for fighting heart disease, cancer, and other diseases. Food manufacturers could potentially use black rice bran or the bran extracts to boost the health value of breakfast cereals, beverages, cakes, cookies, and other foods, Xu and colleagues suggested. see more at: https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/newsreleases/2010ce-rivals-pricey-blueberries-as-source-of-healthful-antioxidants.html

Anthocyanins / Wiki
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthocyanin

 

[Radio]

Uncovering the Broad-Spectrum Protection of Anthocyanins

In seeking to clarify their knowledge base, scientists are focusing a lot of research on compounds known as anthocyanins, which provide berries and other plants with their rich deep red and purple colors and have been proven to combat multiple pathways of disease.1,2

In this report, we provide you with research findings about various anthocyanin-rich plants and how you can access their disease prevention benefits.

Hidden in berries and other plants are diverse bioactive compounds that provide broad-spectrum protection against cognitive decline, diabetes, cancer, and heart disease.1-4

According to the National Institutes of Health, “There is accumulating evidence that much of the health-promoting potential of berries may come from phytochemicals, the bioactive compounds not designated as traditional nutrients.”

What the National Institutes of Health is saying is that the disease prevention properties of healthy plants extends beyond the vitamins and minerals they naturally supply.

Anthocyanins: Powerful Antioxidant Protection
Extensive research confirms that the most powerful antioxidant berries are those that contain a class of polyphenols known as anthocyanins. These nutrients create the deep red, blue, and purple pigments found in plants such as blueberries, elderberries, blackberries, and açaí. Berry anthocyanins strongly combat oxidative stress, a causative factor in the pathogenesis of many major diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), cancer, and allergic disorders.

In a new development, scientists are suggesting that superior free-radical defense is just part of the berry benefit story.

Mechanisms: Beyond Antioxidant Activity
Recent evidence indicates that anthocyanin-rich foods exert their effects through multiple mechanisms that go far beyond berries’ well-known antioxidant activity. These underlying pathways have been shown to:

1. Enhance glucose metabolism and reduced glucose absorption.
2. Reduce the formation and enhance immune system clearance of amyloid protein, the hallmark protein seen in the brain of individuals with Alzheimer’s disease.
3. Inhibit LDL oxidation and improved lipid profiles.
4. Induce cancer apoptosis (programmed cell death) in several cancer cell lines.
5. Possesses antiviral, antibacterial,and antiparasitic activity.
6. Inhibit DNA damage.
7. Inhibit inflammatory gene expression and reduce inflammation.
8. Reduce capillary permeability and fragility.
9. Boost nitric oxide, an important cell signaling molecule.
10. Improve neuronal cellular communication.
11. Inhibit pathways that lead to tumor cell resistance to chemotherapeutic agents.
12. Metabolize carcinogens and xenobiotics.

Next, we’ll examine the anthocyanin sources considered by scientists to be the most potent.
See more at:
https://www.lef.org/magazine/mag201...ad-Spectrum-Protection-of-AnthocyAnins_01.htm

Radio: I like...Life Extension, Bilberry Extract, 100 mg $31.50

• 
  
  • Foundation for Longer Life
  • Certified European
  • 36% Anthocyanins
  • Promotes Visual Acuity
  • Dietary Supplement

Many age-related problems common to the eyes are caused by compromised circulation. Bilberry extracts have antioxidative properties that not only are neuroprotective, but they also help suppress photooxidative processes and have been shown to improve microcapillary circulation. The anthocyanins content of bilberry may be especially beneficial for nighttime visual acuity. see more at:
http://www.iherb.com/Life-Extension...0&lc=en-US&w=Anthocyanins&rc=245&sr=null&ic=6

Radio Warning : Nerd alert : Oxidative Phosphorylation
http://www.chemistry.wustl.edu/~edudev/LabTutorials/Cytochromes/cytochromes.html

 

[Radio]

@Radio

I've been in touch with Dr Sheryl Leventhal who is a large supporter of the PK protocol. She has given me the PK diet as well which intends to cut out gut fermentation and replenish the cell membranes.
This, however, consists of extremely low carbs and very high fats- both saturated and unsaturated- and moderate protein. My current diet was around 50g of carbs/day and she told me this is still too high if I want to heal my gut. So, this causes a bit of a conundrum, less energy from lower carbs but higher fat to heal the cell membranes and ultimately create more energy. Also, the sustained carbs may not allow ones gut to heal- so where does the pendulum need to swing?

I'm working on a new thread that will help forum members better understand the root cause of this predicament. We can never overcome dysbiosis until we treat the underlying cause of these microbial imbalances. We have identify the main contributing factors to these overgrowth are related to hydrochloric acid, bile acid insufficiencies. The main focus in this thread is to post research to help prevent Apoptosis cell death and information on supporting the mitochondria. Yes, we have a conundrum on our hands big time. I feel every problem has a solution.

The cells in are body need to obtain energy from food. We need glucose to convert pyruvate to provide fuel to make ATP. I eat rice and moderately high carbohydrate vegetables to support my mitochondria function. I'm now supplementing with sustained release emulsified oregano oil as well as high dose vitamin C to control my dysbiosis. The best way for me to know if my diet is on point is to look at my skin. The skin is a great way to evaluate your liver function is not being over-loaded with metabolic waste. A high fat diet will only congest the liver more and potentially be problematic in the long run.

Aren't short chain fatty acids supposed to provide us with atp?

Yes in moderation...

 

[Aerose91]

I mostly agree with this, but if there is an existing Dysbiosis isn't eating carbs (being a fermentable substrate) Only going to perpetuate the problem?

 

[Radio]

I mostly agree with this, but if there is an existing Dysbiosis isn't eating carbs (being a fermentable substrate) Only going to perpetuate the problem?

Yes, we have a catch 22 at play here. Most doctors don't understand that the mitochondria is are first priority. My main concern is to protect the mitochondria and avoid possible irreversible cell death. We need acquit HCL / Bile acids to help keep dysbiosis in check. We need to identify and treat H.pylori, gastritis and other possible contributing factors. We also need digestive support for the dysbiosis protocols to have a chance to work. We are working on a thread that well show research linking theses contributing factors in more detail.

 

[Aerose91]

So then your opinion is that lipid replacement should be first before aggressively treating gut issues? Not that we can't as much as add HCL and digestive enzymes in the meantime.

 

[Radio]

Yes, The first step in recovery is supporting mitochondria function.

So then your opinion is that lipid replacement should be first before aggressively treating gut issues? Not that we can't as much as add HCL and digestive enzymes in the meantime.

The short answer yes, aggressively treating gut issues is a bad idea when you have mitochondrial damage. We need to take a gentle holistic approach and treat the underlying cause and identify all contributing factors.

 

[Radio]

Radio: Cranberries are also high in Anthocyanin. This could be useful for H.pylori infection as cranberries can prevent attachment of bacteria to the stomach lining.

What's New and Beneficial About Cranberries

• For many years, researchers believed that the ability of cranberries and cranberry juice to help prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs) was partly related to the strong acidity of the cranberries. Recent research has shown that it's not the acidity of the cranberries, but the unusual nature of their proanthocyanidins (PACs) that is related to prevention of UTIs. The special structure of these PACs (involving A-type linkages between their components) acts as a barrier to bacteria that might otherwise latch on to the urinary tract lining. In many studies, the UTI-preventing benefits of cranberries are somewhat modest and limited to women who have recurrent UTIs. But this whole area of investigation has opened the door to an understanding of other possible cranberry benefits. For example, stomach ulcers are often related to overgrowth and over-linking of one particular type of stomach bacteria (Helicobacter pylori) to the stomach lining. In much the same way as cranberries may help prevent bacterial attachment to the lining of the urinary tract, they may also help prevent attachment of bacteria to the stomach lining. There is already some preliminary evidence that cranberry may help protect us from stomach ulcer in this way. We expect to see future studies confirming this fascinating type of health benefit.
• Many cranberries are water-harvested. Water-harvesting means that the cranberries are grown in bogs and floated in water to allow for easy harvesting. For many years, water-harvesting of cranberries has been looked upon as an industry convenience. It's simply easier to harvest berries that are floating on the surface. However, recent research has shown that the anthocyanin content of cranberries (the phytonutrients that give the berries their amazing red color) is increased in direct proportion to the amount of natural sunlight striking the berry. If berries floating on top of water get exposed to increased amounts of natural sunlight (in comparison to other growing and harvesting conditions), they are likely to develop greater concentrations of anthocyanins. These greater concentrations of anthocyanins are likely to provide us with stronger health benefits. In other words, water-harvesting may turn out to provide more than just harvest convenience. If it can expose cranberries to greater amounts of natural sunlight, it can increase phytonutrient health benefits that involve the unique antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of anthocyanins.
• A substantial number of recent studies have shown that whole cranberries consumed in dietary form—in comparison with purified cranberry extracts consumed in either liquid or dried supplement form—do a better job of protecting our cardiovascular system and our liver. Several groups of researchers have summarized their health benefit findings by pointing out that it is the synergy among cranberry nutrients (rather than individual cranberry components) that is responsible for cranberry's health benefits. This synergy is only found in the whole berry as consumed in food form. This rule about whole dietary intake appears to apply to the antioxidant benefits, anti-inflammatory benefits, and anti-cancer benefits of cranberry.
• Over the past 5 years, scientists have identified an increasing number of mechanisms that help explain the anti-cancer properties of cranberries. These mechanisms are now known to include: blocked expression of MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases); inhibition of ODC (ornithine decarboxylase enzymes); stimulation of QRs (quinone reductase enzymes); inhibition of CYP2C9s (Phase I detoxification enzymes); and triggering of apoptosis (programmed cell death) in tumor cells. The cancer-preventive benefits of cranberries are now known to extend to cancers of the breast, colon, lung, and prostate. See more here http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=foodspice&dbid=145

 

[Leopardtail]

Radio Note: If we can increase ATP intracellular energy in the mitochondria. This will promote healing in all area's of the body.




Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adenosine_triphosphate


Radio note: I like this as a sublingual supplement and feel we need to review this therapy further. Also, I thought about using a nebulizer to increase ATP absorption into the body as well.

Douglas Labs - ATP-20 60 Tablets (Sublingual)
http://www.amazon.com/Douglas-Labs-ATP-20-60-Tablets/dp/B000SVIO4A

Radio,

The low energy form of ATP (called AMP) is actively pumped out of cells because it is toxic to them - it's part of the possible explanation for PEM. ATP on the other hand has no transporter to get it through cell membranes. This means that even if you can get it into blood sub-lingually it can't get into the cells themselves where good can be done.

If only it were so easy :-(

Leo

 

[Radio]

Radio,

The low energy form of ATP (called AMP) is actively pumped out of cells because it is toxic to them - it's part of the possible explanation for PEM. ATP on the other hand has no transporter to get it through cell membranes. This means that even if you can get it into blood sub-lingually it can't get into the cells themselves where good can be done.



Leo

Yes, that is a problem with ATP supplement approach. But, I think this could be helpful in other areas of the body.

 

[Leopardtail]

One type of enzyme is ATP-ase which is used in active transport. Active transport is vital in regulating concentrations in cells, that would otherwise be non-apparent due to ions/solutes diffusing down an electrochemical or concentration gradient. The best example of active transport is the sodium potassium pump. Sodium ions are pumped out of the cell against a concentration gradient, whilst potassium ions are pumped in. 2 potassium, enter a cell for every 3 sodium ions pumped out.

Yes, that is a problem with ATP supplement approach. But, I think this could be helpful in other areas of the body.

Radio,

the ATPases do not pump ATP!!!

They are ATP sensitive channels that pump other stuff in and out of cells utilising one internal molecule of ATP each time, converting it to ADP in the process. The insulin receptor is one example of such a channel.

The only ATP pumps I am aware of are out of the Mitos and into cells.

Bacteria on the other hand DO have ATP pumps and could benefit from the help :-(

Leo

 

[Radio]

Radio,

the ATPases do not pump ATP!!!

They are ATP sensitive channels that pump other stuff in and out of cells utilising one internal molecule of ATP each time, converting it to ADP in the process. The insulin receptor is one example of such a channel.

The only ATP pumps I am aware of are out of the Mitos and into cells.

Bacteria on the other hand DO have ATP pumps and could benefit from the help :-(

Leo

Radio:"Yes, that is a problem with ATP supplement approach. But, I think this could be helpful in other areas of the body."

 

[Radio]

Adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) supplementation improves low peak muscle torque and torque fatigue during repeated high intensity exercise sets
http://www.jissn.com/content/9/1/48