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maybe this is useful for your son ? not sure so posting anyway; hope it is some help.
Download (PDF): Handout for Your Eye Doctor: Eye Care for Patients with Ehlers-Danlos
Reprinted with kind permission © 2008 Diana Driscoll, O.D.,
www.TotalEyeCare.net
Dr. Diana Driscoll
Therapeutic Optometrist
DDriscoll@TotalEyeCare.net
I have Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Type ___________, which causes defective connective tissue in my collagen. Please be sure to check carefully for the following:
Epicanthal folds
High myopia
Keratoconus
Blue sclera
Lens subluxation
Angioid Streaks
Cataracts
Dry eyes
Glaucoma (with pachymetry for accuracy)
Photophobia
Retinal Detachments, holes, tears
Strabismus
Macular Degeneration
Posterior Staphyloma
Carotid-cavernous sinus fistulas
Accommodative difficulties
Dry eyes
Diplopia, monocular or binocular
Large phorias which may be symptomatic
Blepharoclonus
Recommended Ocular Testing for the Patient With EDS
Complete slit lamp exam with TBUT. Understand that I may be more prone to corneal dystrophies, dry eyes.
Dilated fundus exam; fundus photography
Ocular topography to rule out early keratoconus
RTA may be needed – Retinal Thickness Analyzer
Orbscan and/or pachymetry to check corneal thickness
EDS patients are not good candidates for LASIK.
Pupil testing (rule out APD), aperture measurements (check for ptosis), rule out blepharoclonus.
I may be more prone to recurrent corneal erosions ??
I may be more prone to migraine episodes and/or aura without the migraine headache.
I may be more prone to macular degeneration
For more information, please check into
www.EDNF.org.
2008 Diana Driscoll, O.D.,
www.TotalEyeCare.net
Articles
Title: Orbscan mapping in Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
Authors: Pesudov, Konrad
Date: August, 2004
Publisher: Elsevier
Citation: Pesudovs, K. 2004 Orbscan mapping in Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, “Journal of Cataract and Refractive Surgery”, Volume 30, No. 8, 1795-8
Abstract: A candidate for refractive surgery presented with classic (Type 1) Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS). Clinical examination revealed blue sclera, limbus-limbus thinning, myopia, and astigmatism. Orbscan (Bausch & Lomb) pachymetery mapping provided a striking demonstration of the limbus-to-limbus thinning with a central corneal thickness of 360 microm in the right eye and 383 microm in the left eye and midperipheral corneal thickness ranging from 370 to 438 microm and 376 to 434 microm, respectively. Despite the theoretical biomechanical weakness from the thin cornea and defective collagen, regular surface topography was maintained without the development of keratoconus. Although all types of EDS remain a contraindication to laser refractive surgery, Orbscan mapping provides a valuable insight into corneal shape and thickness in this condition.
Title: Keratoconus and the Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome: a new aspect of keratoconus
Author: I. Robertson
Date: May, 1975
Publisher: Medical Journal of Australia
Abstract: Hypermobility of the joints is a frequent finding in patients who have keratoconus. Twenty-two of the 44 patients (50%) presenting in 1973 were found to have hypermobility of joints (mainly Ehlers-Danlos syndrome II or mitis type). The significance of this finding is discussed in relation to biochemical defects recently found in corneas with keratoconus. The hypothesis is presented that keratoconus is often a part of a generalized heritable disorder of connective tissue due to a biochemical defect causing a weakness in its structure.
Title: Joint Hypermobility in Keratoconus
Author: Woodward EG, Morris MT
Date: Oct, 1990
Publisher: Department of Optometry and Visual Science , City University, London,
UK Ophthalmic Physiological Optometry
Abstract: There are several reports linking keratoconus and connective tissue disorders, such as Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, osteogenesis imperfecta and mitral valve prolapse, suggesting that keratoconus may be the result of a localized dysfunction in collagen metabolism.
In view of this the incidence of hypermobility of the joints among a group of patients with keratoconus was compared with a normal (matched) control group. Eighty-four patients were examined using the Beighton modification of the Carter and Wilkinson scoring system. A control group matched for sex, age and ethic group was also assessed. No statistically significant difference between the groups was found for the trunk or knees; a difference was found for the metacarpo-phalyngeal and wrist joints.
The findings support the theory that keratoconus is a localized manifestation of a mild connective tissue disorder. Also, it can be stated that patients with Keratoconus are five times more likely to show hypermobility of the metacarpo-phalyngeal and wrist joints
cheers
Allly