Histamine is a chemical compound produced by the body which is essential for immune responses and smooth functioning of the stomach. It also acts as a neurotransmitter and promotes brain cell communication. It is a type of protein which promotes stomach acid production. Mostly, histamine is known for its negative role. We know that it acts as a mediator in allergic reactions and is responsible for the skin rash, itching or hives developed due to insect bites or allergies or allergic rhinitis. An inflammatory response (swelling as a result of accumulation of blood fluids at the place) and constrictions of smooth muscle (constriction of smooth muscle surrounding the airway leading to shortness of breath), seen during an allergic reaction is attributed to release of histamine. Sneezing, watery eyes, gastric upset and rashes are common signs of allergic reactions. Those who are diagnosed with allergies need to avoid histamine rich foods.
Functions of Histamine
While responding to foreign pathogens, basophils (a type of white blood cells) and mast cells produce histamine. The presence of histamine makes the capillaries more permeable to white blood cells and thus helps fight off infections. It helps improve your digestive health by triggering the secretion of gastric acid in the stomach. Thus, it is not only involved in response to pathogens, but it is also a part of normal biological functions. When mast cells in the genitals release histamine, a woman experiences an orgasm. On the contrary, high levels of histamine in the body are responsible for premature ejaculations in men. The body produces more histamine when you are awake and less when you are asleep. This is the reason for falling asleep after the intake of antihistamines. As they restrict histamine release, you feel sleepy. This indicates that histamine regulates sleep. Low blood levels of this compound are noticed in schizophrenia patients, as a side effect of the antipsychotic medications. An increase in histamine levels helps improve their health. The human body is capable of producing histamine. But by consuming foods that are high in histamine, you can provide sufficient amount of the compound to the body.
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Alcohol, bananas, chocolate, eggs, fish, pineapple, milk, shellfish, strawberries and tomatoes are some of the commonly used histamine releasing foods.